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Module 2: 3D Printing Materials

20257m

Explain the properties of polymers used in FDM and SLA processes. How do these properties affect the final product performance?

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Properties of Polymers Used in FDM and SLA

Polymers in FDM

FDM uses thermoplastics such as PLA, ABS, PETG and nylon. Important properties include:

  • Melting/softening behavior: determines extrusion temperature and processing window.
  • Viscosity in the molten state: affects flow through the nozzle and layer deposition.
  • Interlayer adhesion: strongly affects strength in the build direction.
  • Shrinkage and thermal expansion: influence warping and dimensional accuracy.
  • Toughness and strength: determine functional performance.
  • Moisture sensitivity: some polymers absorb moisture, which can degrade print quality.

Polymers in SLA

SLA uses photosensitive liquid resins. Important properties include:

  • Photosensitivity: determines how effectively the resin cures under the selected wavelength.
  • Viscosity: affects resin recoating and flow between layers.
  • Cure depth and conversion: influence dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties.
  • Shrinkage: can affect dimensions during and after curing.
  • Mechanical properties: determine stiffness, strength, toughness and durability of the finished part.

Effect on final performance

Material properties influence dimensional accuracy, surface quality, layer adhesion, strength, flexibility, heat resistance and durability. Therefore, polymer selection must match the functional requirements of the component.

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