Need for Post-Processing in 3D Printing

Post-processing consists of operations performed after printing to obtain the required functional and aesthetic properties.

Functional reasons

• Remove supports: Makes the part usable and exposes required features.
• Improve dimensional accuracy: Finishing operations can remove small unwanted material.
• Increase surface quality: Smoothing can reduce roughness and friction.
• Improve mechanical properties: Curing, heat treatment, coating or other processes can improve strength, hardness or durability depending on the material.
• Improve chemical/environmental resistance: Coatings can protect surfaces.
• Prepare for assembly: Holes, interfaces and mating surfaces may need cleaning or finishing.

Aesthetic reasons

• Remove visible layer lines and print marks.
• Produce a smoother and more uniform appearance.
• Apply primer, paint, colour or protective coating.
• Improve gloss, texture or surface uniformity.

Examples

FDM parts may require support removal, sanding, polishing or acetone vapour smoothing for suitable materials. SLA parts generally require washing and UV post-curing. SLS parts require powder removal and may be polished, dyed or coated.

Thus, post-processing converts a freshly printed part into a component that meets its required functional and visual specifications.