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Module 3: Probability & Random Processes

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Discuss the impact of white noise in amplitude modulation systems and derive the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

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Answer

White noise n(t)n(t) PSD N0/2N_0/2 flat, R(τ)=N0/2δ(τ)R(\tau)=N_0/2\delta(\tau).

In AM, received y=Ac[1+μm(t)]cos⁡ωct+n(t)y=A_c[1+\mu m(t)]\cos\omega_c t + n(t). After envelope detection, noise in-phase nIn_I and quadrature nQn_Q.

Input SNR γi=(Ac2/2)/(N0B)\gamma_i=(A_c^2/2)/(N_0B), B=2fmB=2f_m.

Output SNR γo=μ2Pm1+μ2Pmγi\gamma_o = \frac{\mu^2P_m}{1+\mu^2P_m}\gamma_i, figure γ<1\gamma<1 (AM wastes carrier). DSB-SC γ=1\gamma=1.

Derivation: noise power N0BN_0B, signal Ac2/2+m2‾/2A_c^2/2+\overline{m^2}/2, LPF extracts baseband. Threshold ~10dB.

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