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Module 3: Probability & Random Processes

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What are pre-emphasis and de-emphasis networks? Explain their need in communication systems.

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Pre-emphasis: High-pass at transmitter boosting highs (75μ75\mus) before FM, high-freq noise dominates. De-emphasis low-pass at receiver restores flat and suppresses high-freq noise. Improves SNR ~10dB. Block mm→HPE→FM→chan→FM demod→LPF→mm.

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