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Module 6: Applications

20253.5m

Explain the working and applications of stepper motors.

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Stepper Motors – Working & Applications

Working: Converts electric pulses to discrete mechanical rotation steps. Stator has multiple coils energized sequentially (full/half/micro-step), rotor (permanent magnet/iron) aligns to magnetic field each pulse, giving precise angular steps (e.g., 1.8° →200 steps/rev for 2-phase). 8051 drives via sequence (as Q128): energize coils in order, no feedback needed (open-loop).

Types: Unipolar (4-5 wires), Bipolar (4 wires), Variable Reluctance.

Applications: Printers, CNC, robotics, cameras, ATMs, medical pumps, textile machines, antenna positioning – where precise position/open-loop control needed, not high speed. Advantages: precise, holding torque, no feedback. Disadvantages: resonance, limited high-speed torque vs servo.

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