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Module 5: Application Layer & Security

20162m

Identify the correct sequence in which the following packets are transmitted on the network by a host when a browser requests a webpage from a remote server, assuming that the host has just been restarted.
(i) HTTP GET request, DNS query, TCP SYN
(ii) DNS query, HTTP GET request, TCP SYN
(iii) DNS query, TCP SYN, HTTP GET request
(iv) TCP SYN, DNS query, HTTP GET request

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Answer: (iii) DNS query, TCP SYN, HTTP GET request

Why: The freshly restarted host has an empty DNS cache, so it must first resolve the server's name into an IP address (DNS query). It then opens a TCP connection to the server's port 80 (three-way handshake initiated by the TCP SYN) and only finally sends the HTTP GET request inside that established connection.

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