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Module 1: Physical Layer & Data Communication

20202m

Frames from one LAN can be transmitted to another LAN via the device

(i) Router
(ii) Bridge
(iii) Repeater
(iv) Modem

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(ii) Bridge

A bridge operates at the Data Link layer and forwards frames between two LAN segments based on MAC addresses, effectively joining them into one larger logical LAN while still filtering traffic by segment. A repeater only regenerates signals within the same LAN (no frame-level forwarding), a router works at the Network layer forwarding packets between different networks (not LAN frames), and a modem converts digital signals to analog for transmission over telephone lines.

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