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Module I: Introduction to Web Technologies & Architectures

20237m

What is a search engine? Explain its working with an example.

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Search Engine and Its Working

A search engine is a software system that discovers, indexes and retrieves web pages or other online resources in response to a user's query.

Working

  1. Crawling: Automated programs called crawlers/spiders visit web pages and follow links to discover content.
  2. Indexing: Information about discovered pages is processed and stored in a searchable index.
  3. Query processing: When a user enters a query, the engine analyzes the words and intent.
  4. Ranking: Matching results are ranked using many signals such as relevance, quality and freshness.
  5. Retrieval and display: The ranked results are shown on the search results page.

Example

If a user searches for "TCP/IP tutorial", the search engine finds indexed pages related to TCP/IP, ranks them by relevance, and displays the most useful matches.

Flow: Crawl → Index → Query → Rank → Display

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