Answer: Range $-2^{n-1}$ to $2^{n-1}-1$

Explanation (n-bit 2's complement):

• Most negative number: $100...0$ = $-2^{n-1}$
• Most positive number: $011...1$ = $2^{n-1}-1$
• Total distinct values: $2^n$
• Single representation of zero (unlike 1's complement / sign-magnitude).
• e.g., for n=8: $-128$ to $+127$; for n=4: $-8$ to $+7$.

This is the range used in ALU and modern processors for signed integers.