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Unit 5 – Advanced Topics

20217m

Explain web and distributed database with the help of example.

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Web and Distributed Database with Examples:

Web Database: Database accessible via web interface, often three-tier (browser -> web server -> DB). Example: E-commerce site where product catalog stored in MySQL, accessed via PHP/Node.js, users interact via browser, queries via HTTP. Characteristics: stateless HTTP, connection pooling, security via HTTPS.

Distributed Database: Logically integrated but physically distributed across sites/nodes, appears as single DB. Types: Homogeneous (same DBMS) vs Heterogeneous (different). Fragmentation: Horizontal (rows), Vertical (columns), Replication. Example: Bank with branches in Mumbai and Delhi each store local accounts but global query can join - SELECT * FROM Accounts where branch='Mumbai' transparently via distributed query processor, with two-phase commit for atomicity. Advantages: locality, availability, scalability. Challenges: distributed concurrency, recovery, heterogeneity.

Both enable large-scale data access; web is front-end paradigm, distributed is storage architecture. Modern cloud combines both.

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