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Module 1: Fundamentals of Microprocessors

20227m

Explain the different types of buses used in microprocessor.

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Buses in Microprocessor

  • Address Bus: Unidirectional, carries address from CPU to memory/I/O. Size = addressing capacity (16-bit →64K). Example P2+P0 in 8051, A15-A0 in 8085.
  • Data Bus: Bidirectional, carries data CPU↔memory/peripherals. 8-bit in 8051/8085 AD7-0.
  • Control Bus: Carries control signals: \overline{RD}, \overline{WR}, ALE, IO/\overline{M}, \overline{PSEN}, \overline{EA}, READY, HOLD. Timing & control unit generates.

Address selects device, control indicates read/write/I-O, data transfers. Multiplexed address/data reduces pins.

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