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Module II: Browser and Apache Web Server Architecture

20267m

Draw the functional block diagram of a modern web browser and state the primary function of each subsystem.

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Functional Block Diagram of a Modern Web Browser

A browser retrieves web resources, interprets web technologies and displays interactive pages.

MermaidDiagram
Rendering diagram…

Subsystems

  1. User interface: tabs, address bar, bookmarks and navigation controls.
  2. Browser engine: coordinates UI, rendering and browser services.
  3. Rendering engine: parses HTML/CSS, computes layout and paints the page.
  4. JavaScript engine: executes scripts and interacts with the DOM and browser APIs.
  5. Networking: sends HTTP/HTTPS requests and receives resources.
  6. Graphics/UI backend: draws widgets, text, images and graphical output.
  7. Data storage: maintains cache, cookies, history and local/site storage.

Working: The browser resolves a URL, requests the document, parses HTML into a DOM and CSS into style rules, computes layout and paints the result. It fetches referenced images, stylesheets and scripts; JavaScript can update the page after loading.

Modern browsers often isolate tabs or sites into separate processes to improve stability and security.

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