Software Engineering

To achieve a good design, modules should have

a) Weak cohesion and low coupling
b) Weak cohesion and high coupling
c) Strong cohesion and low coupling
d) Strong cohesion and high coupling

Which of the following is a complementary approach to function-oriented approach?

(i) Object-oriented analysis
(ii) Object-oriented design
(iii) Structured approach
(iv) Both object-oriented analysis and design

What is the main purpose of using UML (Unified Modeling Language) in software design?

(i) To write executable code
(ii) To visualize and document software architecture
(iii) To enforce coding standards
(iv) To test software functionality

"An ordering system may be adapted to cope with a centralized ordering process in one company and a distributed process in another." Which category the example belongs to?

(i) Process specialization
(ii) Platform specialization
(iii) Environment specialization
(iv) Functional specialization

______ is a measure of the degree of interdependence between modules.

(i) Cohesion
(ii) Coupling
(iii) None of the mentioned
(iv) All of the mentioned

Which of the following is not a characteristic of good software design?

(i) Low coupling
(ii) High cohesion
(iii) High complexity
(iv) Modularity

In the COCOMO model, which type of project is characterized as a "Semi-Detached" project?

(i) Small projects with minimal documentation
(ii) Medium projects with moderate documentation and staffing
(iii) Large projects with extensive documentation
(iv) Projects with very high complexity and risk

Cyclomatic complexity method comes under which testing method?

(i) Yellow box
(ii) White box
(iii) Grey box
(iv) Black box

In a Data Flow Diagram (DFD), which symbol represents an external entity?

(i) Circle
(ii) Arrow
(iii) Open rectangle
(iv) Double line

Independent modules are easier to maintain and test because of

(i) code modification is limited
(ii) reusable modules are possible
(iii) error propagation is reduced
(iv) All of the above

Function Point Analysis is used to measure

(i) The number of lines of code in a software project
(ii) The functionality delivered to the user
(iii) The performance of the code
(iv) The user interface complexity

In size-oriented metrics, metrics are developed based on the

(i) number of functions
(ii) number of user inputs
(iii) number of lines of code
(iv) amount of memory usage

Cyclomatic Complexity is primarily used to measure:

(i) Lines of code
(ii) Logical paths in a program
(iii) Execution speed
(iv) Code documentation quality

Classes communicate with one another via

(i) processed information
(ii) interfaces
(iii) messages
(iv) coupling

A company needs to develop digital signal processing software for one of its newest inventions. The software is expected to have 40000 lines of code. The company needs to determine the effort in person-months needed to develop this software using the basic COCOMO model. The multiplicative factor for this model is given as 2.8 for the software development on embedded systems, while the exponentiation factor is given as 1.20. What is the estimated effort in person-months?

(i) 234.25
(ii) 932.50
(iii) 287.80
(iv) 122.40

______ is a measure of the degree of interdependence between modules.

(i) Cohesion
(ii) Coupling
(iii) None of the above
(iv) All of the above

A program is to be developed to simulate the operations of a scientific calculator. List the facilities to be provided by this calculator. Analyze this using a DFD 0-level and 1-level diagram.

Draw the first two levels of DFDs for an 'Online Examination System'. Make necessary assumptions.

What are the different architectural styles applied for software development?

Explain cohesion and coupling. How are the concepts of coupling and cohesion useful in arriving at good software design?

Compare the top-down and bottom-up approaches in software design, with examples of when each is appropriate.

Define cohesion and coupling. Explain various types of each of them.

Define coupling and cohesion with examples, and explain their roles in creating modular structures.

Discuss the software metric that can be applied to the qualitative assessment of software quality and side effects that occur during maintenance phase.

What is a design pattern? Provide an example of a design pattern and explain its use.

Discuss the Unified Modeling Language (UML) in detail. Explain its significance in software design, including its advantages.

What is cyclomatic complexity? How is it computed? Calculate cyclomatic complexity for the program to find the smallest of three numbers.

Explain COCOMO model for estimation.

What are the different COCOMO models? Explain the phases involved in the detailed COCOMO model.

What are project metrices? Explain different types of project metrics with an example for each.

What is the purpose of software measurement and metrics? How can they improve software quality or project management?

Briefly describe Halstead's software science and its measures. How does it help in assessing software quality?

Describe Cyclomatic Complexity and how it is used to measure software. What insight does it provide?

Define the COCOMO model. Also, explain the types of COCOMO model and their benefits.

Design the following for an 'E-commerce solution for an electronic products company' that gives choice to the users to select a/few product(s) from the available range, order them and allow to make the payments online:

(i) Design the DFDs (level-0, 1 and 2).
(ii) Prepare SRS document. List assumptions, if any.
(iii) Design an ER-diagram. List all the entities, attributes, key constraints and cordiality.
(iv) Draw a Gantt chart.
(v) Specify the s/w engineering pre-design which suits this application development.

Draw the context diagram and Level 1 DFD for the following Mail Order Processing System.

"HMV Records is a mail-order company that distributes CDs and tapes at discount prices to record club members. When an order processing clerk receives an order form, he/she verifies that the sender is a club member by checking the member file. If the sender is not a member, the clerk returns the order along with a member form. If the sender is a member, the clerk verifies the order item data by checking the Item file. Then the Daily Order file. The clerk also prints an invoice and shipping list for each order, which are forwarded to order fulfillment."

What are the types of user-interface design?

Explain the stages of object-oriented design process.

What is "Top-Down and Bottom-Up Design" approach?

Write short notes on the following:

(a) Unified modelling language [5]
(b) Object-oriented analysis modelling [5]
(c) Object-oriented design concepts and methods [4]

Differentiate between cohesion and coupling, and explain their types in brief.

Explain coding standards, coding guidelines and code review techniques in detail.

Explain software reliability and its importance in software development.

Consider a large scale project for which the manpower requirement is K = 600PY and the development time is 3 years 6 months.

(i) Calculate the peak manning and peak time.
(ii) What is the manpower cost after 1 year and 2 months?

What are the different methods used for estimating cost and effort required for completing a project successfully? Explain any one method in detail.

Define coupling and cohesion in module design. Why is low coupling and high cohesion preferred?

What is software quality? What are three dimensions of software quality? Explain briefly.

What is cyclomatic complexity? Write a C program to calculate GCD of two numbers and calculate the cyclomatic complexity of the program.

What is software quality? Discuss software quality attributes.

What are the different architectural styles applied for software development? Explain with diagrams.