Indirect Address Mode — EA = (Address Field) (2 Marks)

Effective Address in indirect mode is not the operand itself but the memory location where the operand address is stored.

• Definition: EA = M[A] or EA = (A) where A = address field of instruction. Instruction holds pointer to the operand address.
• Example: LOAD R1, @1000 where M[1000] = 5000 → EA = 5000 → R1 ← M[5000]
• Operation: Two memory accesses — 1st fetches address pointer M[A], 2nd fetches actual operand M[EA].
• ** advantage:** Allows large address space with short field, supports pointers/indirect arrays, but slower due to extra access — indicated by * or @ or ( ) notation.