COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE

(a) The 8-bit encoding format used to store data in a computer is
(i) ASCII
(ii) EBCDIC
(iii) ANCI
(iv) USCII

(b) The bus used to connect the monitor to the CPU is
(i) PCI bus
(ii) SCSI bus
(iii) memory bus
(iv) ram bus

What is the advantage of carry look-ahead adders over ripple carry adders?
i) Simplicity in design
ii) Increased latency
iii) Reduced power consumption
iv) Faster addition by reducing carry propagation delay

(c) The alternate way of writing the instruction, ADD #5, R1 is
(i) ADD [5],[R1];
(ii) ADDI 5,R1;
(iii) ADDIME 5,[R1];
(iv) There is no other way

(d) The instruction fetch phase ends with

(i) placing the data from the address in MAR into MDR

(ii) placing the address of the data into MAR

(iii) completing the execution of the data and placing its storage address into MAR

(iv) decoding the data in MDR and placing it in IR

Which of the following has no practical usage?
(i) SISD
(ii) SIMD
(iii) MISD
(iv) MIMD

Write the range of decimal integer that can be represented by n-bit 2’s complement representation.

(a) Write the range of decimal integer that can be represented by n-bit 1’s complement representation.

The unit responsible for fetching, decoding, and executing instructions is:
(i) ALU
(ii) Memory Unit
(iii) Control Unit
(iv) I/O Unit

**What do you mean by end-around carry correction?

Two's complement representation is primarily used for:
(i) Signed integers
(ii) Instruction opcodes
(iii) ASCII characters
(iv) Floating point numbers

Discuss the role of Booth algorithm in the design of fast multipliers.

Booth's algorithm is used for:
(i) Floating point operations
(ii) Character coding
(iii) Division
(iv) Multiplication

In floating point representation, the part representing significant digits is called:
(i) Mantissa
(ii) Exponent
(iii) Sign bit
(iv) Base

Which of the following holds data and processing instructions temporarily until the CPU needs it?

• (i) ROM
• (ii) Control unit
• (iii) Main memory
• (iv) Coprocessor chip

(a). List and briefly define the main structural components of a computer.

What is addressing mode? Why do computers use addressing mode techniques?
Explain two modes with example, which do not use address fields.

Explain the functional blocks of a computer with a neat diagram (CPU, Memory, I/O).

Explain the Addition and Subtraction Algorithm with the help of flowchart.

What is a carry-look ahead adder? Draw the circuit of an 8-bit carry-look ahead adder using a 1-bit carry look ahead adder.

Explain all types of number representations: signed integers, fixed point, floating point, and character codes.

Describe floating point arithmetic and explain overflow, underflow, normalization, and rounding.

What are the different types of Registers? With the diagram show how the basic computer register connected to a common Bus.

Describe shift-and-add multiplication and Booth's multiplication algorithm with examples.

Calculate $(72530 - 13250)$ using ten's complement arithmetic. Assume rules similar to those for two's complement arithmetic.

Design a 4-bit carry-look ahead adder and explain its operation with an example.

Explain Von Neumann Architecture. What are its drawbacks?

Explain Booth's algorithm for multiplication and, with the help of flowchart, provide an example for its implementation.

Show the systematic multiplication process of (20) x (-19) using Booth's algorithm.

A digital computer has a common bus system of 16 registers of 32 bits each. The bus is constructed with multiplexers.

• (i) How many selection inputs are there in each multiplexer?
• (ii) What size of multiplexers is needed?

A computer has 16 registers, an ALU with 32 operations, and a shifter with 8 operations, all connected to a common bus system.

(i) Formulate a control word for micro-operation.

(ii) Show the bits of the control word that specify the micro-operation R4 $\leftarrow$ R5 + R6.

Explain IEEE standard for floating point representation with example.

When do you say the floating point number is normalized? Explain how floating point representation of number is done. Represent the number (+46.25) as floating point binary number with 32 bits.

Explain signed number representation using sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement. Include advantages and disadvantages of each.

Write short notes on any two of the following:
b) Fixed and Floating point representations